What are the types of facades of a building?

What is the first thing that comes to mind about a building? What about business and what about life? The facade of the building is the first thing that is important to us, and it is considered both aesthetically and functionally. From the past until now, choosing the best and most suitable building facade has always been of special importance. The rule used in the architectural style of a country and on a smaller scale in a city includes the beliefs of that land (such as facade in Iran and middle east).

The material is an essential element that, in addition to being eye-catching, must have good strength, proper longevity and the necessary standards according to the budget for which it is spent. The exterior is like a protective layer for buildings and it is very important to consider the points in choosing the facade of the building: considering the weather conditions, the geographical location of the building, the number of floors of the building …

In general, the building facades can be divided into three categories:

• Classical
• Neoclassical
• Modern

Classical facades

The classical or Roman facade of the building is derived from classical Roman and Greek architecture. Architectural styles born in post-Renaissance Europe can be considered classical architecture. A wide range of classic views can be seen all over the Iran and middle east and different ideas have been taken from it and it has its fans.

Symmetry is one of the inseparable principles of classical building facade design and is a kind of original system. Therefore, in this era, the tendency to the classical view has increased. On the other hand, the classic view brings a sense of grandeur to the residents and people who watch it from the outside. Because they can see the advanced countries in architecture, building their office buildings in a classic style.

Neoclassical building facades

Architectural styles born in Europe after the Renaissance can be considered classical architecture. The neoclassical facade is actually distinct from other classical and modern buildings. One of the distinctive features of neoclassical architecture is the effect of the wall, which gives each part of it a unique character. It can be said that neoclassicists use classical designs in modern style. For example, in interior design and facade design, a classic building can be seen.

Features of this style of facade include the implementation of decorations and classic building facade design along with modern and new facilities in the design of the building facade. Also, observing the symmetry and proportion in classical architecture and using traditional materials such as stone brick and wood are other features of this style.

Modern facade

Modern building facade design in architecture began in the early decades of the twentieth century. Unlike the old style with sophisticated design, designers try to find ways to gain more access to architecture. The standard principles of all these designs are simplicity, efficiency and elegance. The modern look can be distinguished by its creative and bold design and you can always expect surprises in it. Features of this style are the use of vertical, horizontal and angular rhythms and the use of new materials and technologies. Innovation in this style is crucial.

Principles of modern building facade design

1. Lack of accessories in the facade of a modern house; Accessories are removed and will be very simple. In this style, the material and the explicit connections are placed side by side.
2. Use of modern materials and systems in facades, Visible steel columns and concrete blocks are used as complete materials.
3. Using traditional materials in new ways, materials such as wood, brick and stone are used in simple ways.
4. Emphasize the natural color of the material. Instead of coloring the materials used, they are displayed with a modern look and their natural color.

Depending on the style used in the dry façade, different materials used in Iran and middle east. The following are the titles of some of these types of building facade materials (click on them for more information about each of these materials).

1. Curtain Wall
2. HPL
3. Thermowood
4. Ceramic
5. Aluminum Composite
6. Louvre
7. Steel facade
8. Panel frame
9. Homeostatic
10. Double-skin
11. Solar shading
12. Glazing
13. Insulated wall
14. Self-cleaning
15. Steel and glass

Do you know the reason for using facades in construction projects? The main reason for choosing the facade is that it adds a protective layer to the building. The facade actually increases the mechanical strength of any building. Buildings with facades are more resistant to cracks due to temperature or climate change, water absorption, sunlight and various types of pollution than structures without facades. Facade surfaces can also protect the building from rain, moisture and strong winds.

An alternative advantage of using a facade is that it leads to the lowest cost of building maintenance. Compared to painted surfaces, dry facades require very little cleaning or repair. In fact, most facades do not require anything more than a regular wash to give a clean, fresh look.

Although the primary reasons for using a facade in a construction project are operational reasons, there is also an aesthetic aspect to it that must be considered. Properly selected facade can dramatically change the overall appearance of the building and change its attractiveness and increase its sales value significantly. That is why facade manufacturers in iran and middle east offer different types of styles and materials. For example, depending on the preference of the architect or builder, different facades can be purchased in different colors and polishes, from polished to rough.